Behavioural, physical and chemical antifouling properties of starfish

Jana Guenther, PhD student, James Cook University

Biofouling, which is the formation of a complex layer of organisms on a solid surface in the marine environment, can have major ecological and economic impacts.

Some aquatic plants and animals, however, prevent or reduce the colonization by fouling organisms by one or a combination of mechanical, physical and chemical processes.

This project focuses on:

• The diversity and community development of micro- and macrofouling organisms as well as the presence of fouling-resistant surfaces of starfish species of the Great Barrier Reef.
• The behavioural, physical and chemical antifouling properties of starfish.
• The synergistic effects of behavioural, physical and chemical defences.

Comprehending the mechanism of action of fouling deterrence in starfish will develop our understanding of the ecological importance of biofouling on benthic invertebrates and how they have evolved mechanisms to prevent fouling.

This research will facilitate the development of novel physical and chemical antifouling technologies through the development of biomimics of natural antifouling processes. Antifouling technologies based on physical mechanisms have significant advantages over chemicals currently used in antifouling paints, alleviating concerns about the leaching and biodegradation of active ingredients and non-target effects.